Species profile · Geoemydidae

Cuora flavomarginata

Complete care sheet and morph genetics registry for the yellow-margined box turtle — husbandry parameters, diet, breeding and pairing calculator.

Chinese Box TurtleGolden-headed TurtleTortue-boîte à bords jaunesGelbwand-ScharnierschildkröteSnake-eating Turtle (Folklore)
Adult size
13–17 cm
Lifespan
40–60 yrs
Difficulty
Intermediate
Temperament
Diurnal
Activity
Diurnal
Reproduction
Oviparous
01

Husbandry requirements

Yellow-margined Box Turtle — origin: Taiwan, south-eastern mainland China and the Ryūkyū Islands (Japan). A threatened and PROTECTED species: CITES Appendix II and Annex B of the EU regulation. Acquire only captive-bred specimens with CITES documentation; wild-caught animals are regulated, fragile and to be avoided..

Terrarium temperature gradient

Night min18 °C
Cool side22–25 °C
Warm side26–29 °C
Basking spot30–32 °C

Daytime hot spot 30-32 °C under a lamp, with a gradient down to a cool zone at 22-25 °C. A night-time drop is beneficial (18-20 °C). Avoid temperatures sustained above 32 °C. In healthy adults, a cool winter period (brumation ~10-15 °C for several weeks) stimulates breeding.

Enclosure (adult)
120 × 60 × 50 cm

Humid woodland-style terrarium / terrestrial table with a shallow water area (semi-terrestrial species)

Minimum dimensions for a single adult; more floor space is always preferable. Provide hides and planted areas. Good ventilation but a closed, secure enclosure: the species climbs and digs. Avoid any purely aquatic set-up.

Humidity
60–80 %

Humid woodland atmosphere. Keep the substrate cool and moist and mist regularly, while ensuring proper ventilation: stagnant, poorly aired humidity promotes fungal infections and respiratory infections.

Substrate
Coconut fibre / untreated topsoilSphagnum (moist moss)Leaf litterCypress bark or mulch

A thick layer (10-15 cm) that retains moisture and lets the turtle burrow. Keep it moist but never waterlogged; remove droppings and refresh regularly to prevent mould and shell rot.

UVB
Recommended

Yes, recommended: a woodland/forest-type UVB tube (approx. 5%, T5 5.0) above the warm zone, to be replaced every 6-12 months. Promotes vitamin D3 synthesis and prevents metabolic bone disease.

Water source
Always available

A shallow pool or dish of water (depth not exceeding the plastron) allowing it to drink and fully immerse itself; a poor swimmer, avoid deep water. Clean and change the water daily.

Origin
Geoemydidae

Taiwan, south-eastern mainland China and the Ryūkyū Islands (Japan). A threatened and PROTECTED species: CITES Appendix II and Annex B of the EU regulation. Acquire only captive-bred specimens with CITES documentation; wild-caught animals are regulated, fragile and to be avoided.

02

Feeding & health

Diet

Omnivore — Earthworms, snails, slugs, insects, carrion

A varied, balanced diet (roughly half animal prey, half vegetables and fruit). Very fond of red foods (tomato, strawberry, berries). Supplement with calcium (with D3 if UVB is insufficient). Limit excess sugary fruit.

Breeding
Oviparous

Clutch 1–4 eggs/young. Very low fecundity: 1 to 4 eggs per clutch (often 1-2), large and elongated; 1 to 3 clutches possible per year. Incubation ~60-90 days at 26-28 °C; sex may be influenced by incubation temperature (TSD likely). A winter diapause favours the reproductive cycle.

Health watch points
  • Hypovitaminosis A (swollen eyes, puffy eyelids), common in box turtles
  • Metabolic bone disease / osteofibrosis (calcium or UVB deficiency)
  • Respiratory infections (environment too cold, damp and poorly ventilated)
  • Shell and plastron rot (fungi/bacteria linked to poor humidity management)
  • High internal parasite load, especially in wild-caught specimens (quarantine and faecal exams essential)
03

Morphs & genetics

Registry of 3 documented genes for Yellow-margined Box Turtle.

  • Albino (T-) amelanisticRec
  • High Red / Red Skin red phaseDom
  • High Yellow / GoldenDom
04

Pairing calculator

Pick each parent's genotype — clutch probabilities update live. Free, no sign-up.

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Yellow-margined Box Turtle × Yellow-margined Box Turtle

Probabilities per gene (independent loci).

GeneParent AParent B
Expected clutchSelect at least one gene on a parent.
05

Frequently asked questions

Answers to the most common questions about keeping the yellow-margined box turtle.

How big does an adult Yellow-margined Box Turtle get?
An adult Yellow-margined Box Turtle typically measures 13–17 cm (adult shell length (scl) 13-17 cm, record ~19 cm. highly domed carapace, hinged plastron. females are often slightly larger.).
What temperature and humidity does a Yellow-margined Box Turtle need?
A gradient of roughly 22–25 °C on the cool side to 26–29 °C on the warm side, with a basking spot of 30–32 °C. Humidity 60–80 %.
What does a Yellow-margined Box Turtle eat?
Omnivore: Earthworms, snails, slugs, insects, carrion.
Is the Yellow-margined Box Turtle a good reptile for beginners?
Intermediate level. Very bold, curious and interactive; regarded as one of the most endearing and 'personable' turtles. Little shy once acclimated, it recognises its keeper. Plan ahead: a lifespan of 40–60 yrs.

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