Species profile · Elapidae

Dendroaspis polylepis

Complete care sheet and morph genetics registry for the black mamba — husbandry parameters, diet, breeding and pairing calculator.

Mamba noirSchwarze MambaShadow of DeathSeven-Step Snake (Myth)
Adult size
2–3 m
Lifespan
15–20 yrs
Difficulty
Expert
Temperament
Diurnal
Activity
Diurnal
Reproduction
Oviparous
01

Husbandry requirements

Black Mamba — origin: Sub-Saharan Africa (wooded savannas, scrubland, rocky outcrops and the edges of open woodland across East and Southern Africa, from Senegal/Ethiopia down to South Africa)..

Terrarium temperature gradient

Night min20 °C
Cool side24–26 °C
Warm side28–30 °C
Basking spot32–35 °C

A heliophilic species of hot savanna: provide a genuine basking hot spot and a strong thermal gradient. A slight nighttime drop is tolerated; do not go below ~18-20 °C.

Enclosure (adult)
200 × 90 × 120 cm

Dedicated, robust, fully sealed and lockable venomous-snake terrarium ("hot cage" protocol: double security, locking/shift-box system, sliding front access).

A very large, fast and semi-arboreal species: provide a generous volume, sturdy branches and both high AND low hides. Every opening must be locked and access controlled following a strict venomous-snake protocol (hook, tube, never alone, antivenom/emergency plan on hand). Keeping is governed by regulations on venomous/dangerous animals (permit mandatory in most countries).

Humidity
50–65 %

Moderate, savanna-type conditions; effective ventilation. Excessively high, stagnant humidity promotes skin and respiratory infections.

Substrate
Aspen shavingsCypress/orchid barkFertilizer-free topsoil mix + coco fiber

Absorbent substrate, kept clean and dry; avoid any waterlogged medium. A slightly more humid zone (humid hide/box) helps with sheds.

UVB
Recommended

Beneficial: a diurnal, heliophilic species. Low to moderate UVB lighting (5-6% tubes / UVI ~2-3 in the basking zone, with shaded areas) is recommended, though not strictly essential if the diet is well supplemented.

Water source
Always available

Large, heavy and stable water container, clean water renewed regularly; the snake drinks and may soak in it. Handle the bowl only when the animal is secured.

Origin
Elapidae

Sub-Saharan Africa (wooded savannas, scrubland, rocky outcrops and the edges of open woodland across East and Southern Africa, from Senegal/Ethiopia down to South Africa).

02

Feeding & health

Diet

Carnivore (mammals and birds) — In captivity: appropriately sized rodents (rats), sometimes chicks/birds. In the wild: hyraxes, bushbabies, small mammals and birds.

Active forager; feed appropriately sized thawed prey, with long tongs and following a strict venomous-snake protocol. Adults: spaced-out meals (approx. every 10-14 days) to prevent obesity.

Breeding
Oviparous

Clutch 6–17 eggs/young. Egg-laying generally in the warm/wet season; incubation of about 80-90 days around 27-29 °C. Breeding to be left to specialized facilities.

Health watch points
  • Respiratory infections (often linked to cold/stagnant humidity)
  • Stomatitis ("mouth rot") and oral lesions, particularly after stress/trauma against the glass
  • Bacterial dermatitis / "scale rot" on overly humid substrate
  • External parasites (mites) and internal parasites (nematodes)
  • Chronic stress: food refusal, regurgitations, snout (rostrum) injuries against the walls
03

Morphs & genetics

Registry of 3 documented genes for Black Mamba.

  • Leucistic (Myth/Hypothetical) white mambaRec
  • Hypermelanistic dark phaseDom
  • Ghost / Hypo (Anomaly)Rec
04

Pairing calculator

Pick each parent's genotype — clutch probabilities update live. Free, no sign-up.

🧬

Black Mamba × Black Mamba

Probabilities per gene (independent loci).

GeneParent AParent B
Expected clutchSelect at least one gene on a parent.
05

Frequently asked questions

Answers to the most common questions about keeping the black mamba.

How big does an adult Black Mamba get?
An adult Black Mamba typically measures 2–3 m (average adult total length 220-250 cm; record specimens reported beyond 430 cm. second longest venomous snake after the king cobra.).
What temperature and humidity does a Black Mamba need?
A gradient of roughly 24–26 °C on the cool side to 28–30 °C on the warm side, with a basking spot of 32–35 °C. Humidity 50–65 %.
What does a Black Mamba eat?
Carnivore (mammals and birds): In captivity: appropriately sized rodents (rats), sometimes chicks/birds. In the wild: hyraxes, bushbabies, small mammals and birds..
Is the Black Mamba a good reptile for beginners?
Expert level. Extremely nervous, alert and among the fastest snakes in the world. LETHALLY DANGEROUS VENOMOUS SPECIES (neurotoxic venom rich in dendrotoxins; envenomation potentially fatal within a few hours without antivenom). When cornered, it rears up very high, spreads a narrow hood, gapes its inky-black mouth wide and strikes repeatedly. Keeping is reserved EXCLUSIVELY for trained and legally authorized professionals. Plan ahead: a lifespan of 15–20 yrs.

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